function of
type: ObjectProperty
IAO_0000112: this catalysis function is a function of this enzyme
IAO_0000115: a relation between a function and an independent continuant (the bearer), in which the function specifically depends on the bearer for its existence
IAO_0000116: A function inheres in its bearer at all times for which the function exists, however the function need not be realized at all the times that the function exists.
domain: function
sub property of: characteristic of
inverse of: has function

quality of
type: ObjectProperty
IAO_0000112: this red color is a quality of this apple
IAO_0000115: a relation between a quality and an independent continuant (the bearer), in which the quality specifically depends on the bearer for its existence
IAO_0000116: A quality inheres in its bearer at all times for which the quality exists.
domain: Class
  intersection of: quality
  intersection of: Class
    complement of: relational quality
sub property of: characteristic of
inverse of: has quality

role of
type: ObjectProperty
IAO_0000112: this investigator role is a role of this person
IAO_0000115: a relation between a role and an independent continuant (the bearer), in which the role specifically depends on the bearer for its existence
IAO_0000116: A role inheres in its bearer at all times for which the role exists, however the role need not be realized at all the times that the role exists.
sub property of: characteristic of
inverse of: has role

Nickel
type: material designation
has value: Nickel

materials — NFDI-MatWerk ontology design pattern
type: Ontology
bibliographic citation: Hossein Beygi Nasrabadi, Jörg Waitelonis, Ebrahim Norouzi, Kostiantyn Hubaiev, Harald Sack. NFDI MatWerk Ontology (mwo). Revision: v3.0.1. Retrieved from: http://purls.helmholtz-metadaten.de/mwo/3.0.1
conforms to: http://purls.helmholtz-metadaten.de/mwo/mwo.owl/3.0.1
creator: Harald Sack
creator: Jörg Waitelonis
creator: Ebrahim Norouzi
creator: Hossein Beygi Nasrabadi
license: CC BY 4.0 (repository); CC0 1.0 declared in the ontology header
covers requirements: Which datasets, publications or instruments concern a given material?
covers requirements: Which materials are described in the knowledge graph?
extracted from: the materials tab of the NFDI-MatWerk curation workbook
has consequences: Values become reusable and independently addressable, and one value may be shared by many entities. The cost: every `I` reference resolves by label, so labels must be unique and a typo yields a silently missing relation rather than an error.
has intent: To represent a material designation in the MatWerk Knowledge Graph: its identity, the value nodes that describe it, and its links to the other entities the NFDI-MatWerk consortium records.
has unit test: SELECT ?x ?label WHERE { ?x a <http://purls.helmholtz-metadaten.de/mwo/MWO_0001099> ; <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#label> ?label } LIMIT 10
is specialization of: entity-and-value-node
reengineered from: ROBOT template directives, row 2 of the materials tab
scenarios: “Nickel” is a material designation.
version IRI: https://nfdi.fiz-karlsruhe.de/matwerk/pattern/materials/1.0.0
version info: 1.0.0

has value
type: DatatypeProperty
comment: A relation between an information content entity and its specific value.

relational quality
type: Class
subclass of: quality
definition: b is a relational quality =Def b is a quality & there exists c and d such that c and d are not identical & b specifically depends on c & b specifically depends on d
example: A marriage bond; an instance of love; an obligation between one person and another

is about
type: ObjectProperty
IAO_0000112: This document is about information artifacts and their representations
IAO_0000115: A (currently) primitive relation that relates an information artifact to an entity.
IAO_0000116: 7/6/2009 Alan Ruttenberg. Following discussion with Jonathan Rees, and introduction of "mentions" relation. Weaken the is_about relationship to be primitive. We will try to build it back up by elaborating the various subproperties that are more precisely defined. Some currently missing phenomena that should be considered "about" are predications - "The only person who knows the answer is sitting beside me" , Allegory, Satire, and other literary forms that can be topical without explicitly mentioning the topic.
IAO_0000119: Smith, Ceusters, Ruttenberg, 2000 years of philosophy
domain: information content entity
inverse of: is subject of

identifier
type: Class
IAO_0000115: An information content entity that is the outcome of a dubbing process and is used to refer to one instance of entity shared by a group of people to refer to that individual entity.
IAO_0000118: proper name
subclass of: information content entity

has disposition
type: ObjectProperty
IAO_0000115: a relation between an independent continuant (the bearer) and a disposition, in which the disposition specifically depends on the bearer for its existence
domain: independent continuant
range: disposition
sub property of: has characteristic
inverse of: disposition of

disposition of
type: ObjectProperty
IAO_0000115: inverse of has disposition
sub property of: characteristic of

material designation
type: Class
comment: Material designation is an identifier assigned to a material to specify its name, Id, classification, composition, or standardized reference in scientific, engineering, or industrial contexts.
subclass of: identifier
example: ASTM A36 for structural steel, UNS C11000 for copper, DIN 1.4404 for stainless steel

is subject of
type: ObjectProperty
comment: inverse of the relation 'is about'
alternative label: is described by

entity
type: Class
IAO_0000112: Julius Caesar
IAO_0000112: Verdi’s Requiem
IAO_0000112: the Second World War
IAO_0000112: your body mass index
IAO_0000116: BFO 2 Reference: In all areas of empirical inquiry we encounter general terms of two sorts. First are general terms which refer to universals or types:animaltuberculosissurgical procedurediseaseSecond, are general terms used to refer to groups of entities which instantiate a given universal but do not correspond to the extension of any subuniversal of that universal because there is nothing intrinsic to the entities in question by virtue of which they – and only they – are counted as belonging to the given group. Examples are: animal purchased by the Emperortuberculosis diagnosed on a Wednesdaysurgical procedure performed on a patient from Stockholmperson identified as candidate for clinical trial #2056-555person who is signatory of Form 656-PPVpainting by Leonardo da VinciSuch terms, which represent what are called ‘specializations’ in [81
definition: (Elucidation) An entity is anything that exists or has existed or will exist
example: Julius Caesar; the Second World War; your body mass index; Verdi's Requiem

realizable entity
type: Class
IAO_0000112: the disposition of this piece of metal to conduct electricity.
IAO_0000112: the disposition of your blood to coagulate
IAO_0000112: the function of your reproductive organs
IAO_0000112: the role of being a doctor
IAO_0000112: the role of this boundary to delineate where Utah and Colorado meet
IAO_0000115: A specifically dependent continuant that inheres in continuant entities and are not exhibited in full at every time in which it inheres in an entity or group of entities. The exhibition or actualization of a realizable entity is a particular manifestation, functioning or process that occurs under certain circumstances.
subclass of: specifically dependent continuant
disjoint with: quality
definition: (Elucidation) A realizable entity is a specifically dependent continuant that inheres in some independent continuant which is not a spatial region & which is of a type some instances of which are realized in processes of a correlated type
example: The role of being a doctor; the role of this boundary to delineate where Utah and Colorado meet; the function of your reproductive organs; the disposition of your blood to coagulate; the disposition of this piece of metal to conduct electricity

information content entity
type: Class
IAO_0000112: Examples of information content entites include journal articles, data, graphical layouts, and graphs.
IAO_0000115: An information content entity is an entity that is generically dependent on some artifact and stands in relation of aboutness to some entity.
IAO_0000115: A generically dependent continuant that is about some thing.
IAO_0000116: 2014-03-10: The use of "thing" is intended to be general enough to include universals and configurations (see https://groups.google.com/d/msg/information-ontology/GBxvYZCk1oc/-L6B5fSBBTQJ).
IAO_0000116: information_content_entity 'is_encoded_in' some digital_entity in obi before split (040907). information_content_entity 'is_encoded_in' some physical_document in obi before split (040907). Previous. An information content entity is a non-realizable information entity that 'is encoded in' some digital or physical entity.
IAO_0000119: IAO
IAO_0000119: OBI_0000142
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: is about
  some values from: entity
subclass of: generically dependent continuant

has function
type: ObjectProperty
IAO_0000112: this enzyme has function this catalysis function (more colloquially: this enzyme has this catalysis function)
IAO_0000115: a relation between an independent continuant (the bearer) and a function, in which the function specifically depends on the bearer for its existence
IAO_0000116: A bearer can have many functions, and its functions can exist for different periods of time, but none of its functions can exist when the bearer does not exist. A function need not be realized at all the times that the function exists.
domain: independent continuant
range: function
sub property of: has characteristic

has quality
type: ObjectProperty
IAO_0000112: this apple has quality this red color
IAO_0000115: a relation between an independent continuant (the bearer) and a quality, in which the quality specifically depends on the bearer for its existence
IAO_0000116: A bearer can have many qualities, and its qualities can exist for different periods of time, but none of its qualities can exist when the bearer does not exist.
range: quality
sub property of: has characteristic

has role
type: ObjectProperty
IAO_0000112: this person has role this investigator role (more colloquially: this person has this role of investigator)
IAO_0000115: a relation between an independent continuant (the bearer) and a role, in which the role specifically depends on the bearer for its existence
IAO_0000116: A bearer can have many roles, and its roles can exist for different periods of time, but none of its roles can exist when the bearer does not exist. A role need not be realized at all the times that the role exists.
domain: independent continuant
range: role
sub property of: has characteristic

continuant
type: Class
IAO_0000115: An entity that exists in full at any time in which it exists at all, persists through time while maintaining its identity and has no temporal parts.
IAO_0000116: BFO 2 Reference: Continuant entities are entities which can be sliced to yield parts only along the spatial dimension, yielding for example the parts of your table which we call its legs, its top, its nails. ‘My desk stretches from the window to the door. It has spatial parts, and can be sliced (in space) in two. With respect to time, however, a thing is a continuant.’ [60, p. 240
subclass of: entity
definition: (Elucidation) A continuant is an entity that persists, endures, or continues to exist through time while maintaining its identity
example: A human being; a tennis ball; a cave; a region of space; someone's temperature

disposition
type: Class
IAO_0000112: an atom of element X has the disposition to decay to an atom of element Y
IAO_0000112: certain people have a predisposition to colon cancer
IAO_0000112: children are innately disposed to categorize objects in certain ways.
IAO_0000112: the cell wall is disposed to filter chemicals in endocytosis and exocytosis
IAO_0000116: BFO 2 Reference: Dispositions exist along a strength continuum. Weaker forms of disposition are realized in only a fraction of triggering cases. These forms occur in a significant number of cases of a similar type.
subclass of: realizable entity
disjoint with: role
alternative label: internally-grounded realizable entity
definition: (Elucidation) A disposition b is a realizable entity such that if b ceases to exist then its bearer is physically changed & b's realization occurs when and because this bearer is in some special physical circumstances & this realization occurs in virtue of the bearer's physical make-up
example: An atom of element X has the disposition to decay to an atom of element Y; the cell wall is disposed to transport cellular material through endocytosis and exocytosis; certain people have a predisposition to colon cancer; children are innately disposed to categorize objects in certain ways

role
type: Class
IAO_0000112: John’s role of husband to Mary is dependent on Mary’s role of wife to John, and both are dependent on the object aggregate comprising John and Mary as member parts joined together through the relational quality of being married.
IAO_0000112: the priest role
IAO_0000112: the role of a boundary to demarcate two neighboring administrative territories
IAO_0000112: the role of a building in serving as a military target
IAO_0000112: the role of a stone in marking a property boundary
IAO_0000112: the role of subject in a clinical trial
IAO_0000112: the student role
IAO_0000115: A realizable entity the manifestation of which brings about some result or end that is not essential to a continuant in virtue of the kind of thing that it is but that can be served or participated in by that kind of continuant in some kinds of natural, social or institutional contexts.
IAO_0000116: BFO 2 Reference: One major family of examples of non-rigid universals involves roles, and ontologies developed for corresponding administrative purposes may consist entirely of representatives of entities of this sort. Thus ‘professor’, defined as follows,b instance_of professor at t =Def. there is some c, c instance_of professor role & c inheres_in b at t.denotes a non-rigid universal and so also do ‘nurse’, ‘student’, ‘colonel’, ‘taxpayer’, and so forth. (These terms are all, in the jargon of philosophy, phase sortals.) By using role terms in definitions, we can create a BFO conformant treatment of such entities drawing on the fact that, while an instance of professor may be simultaneously an instance of trade union member, no instance of the type professor role is also (at any time) an instance of the type trade union member role (any more than any instance of the type color is at any time an instance of the type length).If an ontology of employment positions should be defined in terms of roles following the above pattern, this enables the ontology to do justice to the fact that individuals instantiate the corresponding universals – professor, sergeant, nurse – only during certain phases in their lives.
subclass of: realizable entity
alternative label: externally-grounded realizable entity
definition: (Elucidation) A role b is a realizable entity such that b exists because there is some single bearer that is in some special physical, social, or institutional set of circumstances in which this bearer does not have to be & b is not such that, if it ceases to exist, then the physical make-up of the bearer is thereby changed
example: The priest role; the student role; the role of subject in a clinical trial; the role of a stone in marking a property boundary; the role of a boundary to demarcate two neighbouring administrative territories; the role of a building in serving as a military target

function
type: Class
IAO_0000112: the function of a hammer to drive in nails
IAO_0000112: the function of a heart pacemaker to regulate the beating of a heart through electricity
IAO_0000112: the function of amylase in saliva to break down starch into sugar
IAO_0000116: BFO 2 Reference: In the past, we have distinguished two varieties of function, artifactual function and biological function. These are not asserted subtypes of BFO:function however, since the same function – for example: to pump, to transport – can exist both in artifacts and in biological entities. The asserted subtypes of function that would be needed in order to yield a separate monoheirarchy are not artifactual function, biological function, etc., but rather transporting function, pumping function, etc.
subclass of: disposition
definition: (Elucidation) A function is a disposition that exists in virtue of its bearer's physical make-up & this physical make-up is something the bearer possesses because it came into being either through evolution (in the case of natural biological entities) or through intentional design (in the case of artefacts) in order to realize processes of a certain sort
example: The function of a hammer to drive in nails; the function of a heart pacemaker to regulate the beating of a heart through electricity

independent continuant
type: Class
IAO_0000112: a chair
IAO_0000112: a heart
IAO_0000112: a leg
IAO_0000112: a molecule
IAO_0000112: a spatial region
IAO_0000112: an atom
IAO_0000112: an orchestra.
IAO_0000112: an organism
IAO_0000112: the bottom right portion of a human torso
IAO_0000112: the interior of your mouth
IAO_0000115: b is an independent continuant = Def. b is a continuant which is such that there is no c and no t such that b s-depends_on c at t. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [017-002])
subclass of: continuant
disjoint with: specifically dependent continuant
disjoint with: generically dependent continuant
definition: b is an independent continuant =Def b is a continuant & there is no c such that b specifically depends on c or b generically depends on c
example: An atom; a molecule; an organism; a heart; a chair; the bottom right portion of a human torso; a leg; the interior of your mouth; a spatial region; an orchestra

generically dependent continuant
type: Class
IAO_0000112: The entries in your database are patterns instantiated as quality instances in your hard drive. The database itself is an aggregate of such patterns. When you create the database you create a particular instance of the generically dependent continuant type database. Each entry in the database is an instance of the generically dependent continuant type IAO: information content entity.
IAO_0000112: the pdf file on your laptop, the pdf file that is a copy thereof on my laptop
IAO_0000112: the sequence of this protein molecule; the sequence that is a copy thereof in that protein molecule.
IAO_0000115: b is a generically dependent continuant = Def. b is a continuant that g-depends_on one or more other entities. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [074-001])
subclass of: continuant
alternative label: g-dependent continuant
definition: (Elucidation) A generically dependent continuant is an entity that exists in virtue of the fact that there is at least one of what may be multiple copies which is the content or the pattern that multiple copies would share
example: The pdf file on your laptop; the pdf file that is a copy thereof on my laptop; the sequence of this protein molecule; the sequence that is a copy thereof in that protein molecule; the content that is shared by a string of dots and dashes written on a page and the transmitted Morse code signal; the content of a sentence; an engineering blueprint

characteristic of
type: FunctionalProperty
type: ObjectProperty
IAO_0000112: this fragility is a characteristic of this vase
IAO_0000112: this red color is a characteristic of this apple
IAO_0000115: a relation between a specifically dependent continuant (the characteristic) and any other entity (the bearer), in which the characteristic depends on the bearer for its existence.
inverse of: has characteristic

quality
type: Class
IAO_0000112: the ambient temperature of this portion of air
IAO_0000112: the color of a tomato
IAO_0000112: the length of the circumference of your waist
IAO_0000112: the mass of this piece of gold.
IAO_0000112: the shape of your nose
IAO_0000112: the shape of your nostril
subclass of: specifically dependent continuant
definition: (Elucidation) A quality is a specifically dependent continuant that, in contrast to roles and dispositions, does not require any further process in order to be realized
example: The colour of a tomato; the ambient temperature of this portion of air; the length of the circumference of your waist; the shape of your nose; the shape of your nostril; the mass of this piece of gold

specifically dependent continuant
type: Class
IAO_0000112: Reciprocal specifically dependent continuants: the function of this key to open this lock and the mutually dependent disposition of this lock: to be opened by this key
IAO_0000112: of one-sided specifically dependent continuants: the mass of this tomato
IAO_0000112: of relational dependent continuants (multiple bearers): John’s love for Mary, the ownership relation between John and this statue, the relation of authority between John and his subordinates.
IAO_0000112: the disposition of this fish to decay
IAO_0000112: the function of this heart: to pump blood
IAO_0000112: the mutual dependence of proton donors and acceptors in chemical reactions [79
IAO_0000112: the mutual dependence of the role predator and the role prey as played by two organisms in a given interaction
IAO_0000112: the pink color of a medium rare piece of grilled filet mignon at its center
IAO_0000112: the role of being a doctor
IAO_0000112: the shape of this hole.
IAO_0000112: the smell of this portion of mozzarella
IAO_0000115: b is a specifically dependent continuant = Def. b is a continuant & there is some independent continuant c which is not a spatial region and which is such that b s-depends_on c at every time t during the course of b’s existence. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [050-003])
subclass of: continuant
disjoint with: generically dependent continuant
definition: b is a specifically dependent continuant =Def b is a continuant & there is some independent continuant c which is not a spatial region & which is such that b specifically depends on c
example: (with multiple bearers) John's love for Mary; the ownership relation between John and this statue; the relation of authority between John and his subordinates
example: (with one bearer) The mass of this tomato; the pink colour of a medium rare piece of grilled filet mignon at its centre; the smell of this portion of mozzarella; the disposition of this fish to decay; the role of being a doctor; the function of this heart to pump blood; the shape of this hole

has characteristic
type: InverseFunctionalProperty
type: ObjectProperty
IAO_0000112: this apple is bearer of this red color
IAO_0000112: this vase is bearer of this fragility
IAO_0000115: Inverse of characteristic_of
IAO_0000116: A bearer can have many dependents, and its dependents can exist for different periods of time, but none of its dependents can exist when the bearer does not exist.
range: specifically dependent continuant